Microcystis: A Comprehensive Review on Toxic Algae, Environmental Impacts, and Mitigation Strategies

Abstract:
Microcystis is a toxic algae, that has been linked as one of the most current directors of dangerous algal blooms (HABs). These blooms, frequently being in nutrient-rich brackish systems, are associated with the product of potent poisons, particularly microcystins, which pose serious pitfalls to submarine cosystems, public health, and frugality (Chorus & Bartram, 1999; Paerl et al., 2011). The inordinate growth of
Microcystis is promoted by high attention to nitrogen and phosphorus, which contribute to eutrophication (Smith et al.,1999). The poisons produced, substantially microcystins, can beget liver damage, gastrointestinal diseases, and neurological issues in humans and creatures (Carmichael, 2001). This review explores the biology, ecological significance, poison product, and environmental and health impacts of Microcystis, with a focus on mitigation strategies, similar to nutrient operation, early discovery technologies, and natural control styles (Hudnell, 2010; Oliver & Ganf, 2000). Research
advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms behind Microcystis blooms and poison products are also bandied. These sweats are critical to controlling blooms and minimizing their impact on the terrain and public health.